Understanding The Basics
第二章 了解基礎
In the world of lithium and lithium ion batteries... it is important to understand that lithium primary cells (also called photo lithium, or CR123A, or surefire cells) are about 16mm diameter by about 34mm long. They are sometimes referred to as 16340 sized cells. You probably already know that they deliver about 3 Volts, and have a capacity of about 1200-1600mAh depending on brand and how they are used. So a pair of these cells in a light like the C2(G2, 6P, etc) powers the "6V" rated lamp nicely... Other designations for common CR123A cells are: CR 123 3V, CR123, CR17345, K123A, VL123A, DL123A, DL123ABK, 5018LC, EL123AP, SF123, EL123APBP2, EL123APBP and SF123A 3V, etc etc. The important thing is that these are all Lithium Manganese Dioxide Cells intended for one-time use. They tend to be expensive to run if you use a light frequently, and therefor, switching to a rechargable chemistry cell is often desired.
在一次性鋰電池（註9）及可充電式鋰電池的世界，了解一件事是很重要的，那就是主流鋰電池（也被叫做相機鋰電池、CR123A、或是Surefire鋰電池）的尺寸是直徑16mm，長度34mm。它們有時候也會被稱做16340鋰電池。你大概也已經知道一次性鋰電池的電壓是3V，而根據廠牌及它們使用的方式不同，大概有1200-1600mah的電量。所以裝在像是C2（G2、6P…等）手電筒的2顆鋰電池，可以穩定的推動標示6V的燈泡。其它與CR123A一樣的一次性鋰電池的型號有：CR 123 3V、CR123、 CR17345、 K123A、 VL123A、 DL123A、 DL123ABK、 5018LC、 EL123AP、 SF123、 EL123APBP2、 EL123APBP 以及 SF123A 3V…等等。最重要的是，這些一次性鋰電全部都是鋰錳二氧化物電池，它們只能被使用一次。而這些一次性鋰電池的價格通常較貴，如果你常使用手電筒的話，將會對荷包形成沈重的負擔。因此，使用可充電式鋰電池就是較合理的選擇。
註9 Lithium在此譯為一次性鋰電，以便跟可充電式鋰電區隔。
For this guide, I will pretty much be discussing one type of lithium-ion cell, a Lithium Cobalt Oxide cell. This is the "mainstream" chemistry found in most consumer devices from cell phones to laptops and MP3 players. From here forth, when I refer to a Li-Ion cells, I am talking about this type of cell unless I state otherwise. With different chemistry, usually comes different cell specifications and behaviors.
在這篇指南中，我主要討論一種可充電式鋰電池，鋰鈷一氧化物電池。這是從手機到筆電及MP3播放機所使用的主流化合物鋰電池。從此刻開始，除非我有特別強調，當我提到可充電式鋰電池，我指的就是鋰鈷一氧化物電池。鋰電池所使用的化合物不同，通常也會具有不同的電流輸出特性。
[edited in 11/11/08] {I am going to be updating the compatibility chart to include a semi-recent advancement in li-ion tech, and that is LiMn, or Lithium Manganese Oxide rechargeable cells. While suffering from ~30% lower energy density as compared with the LiCo (lithium cobalt) chemistry cells that this guide covers, they can deliver higher drain rates safely, which allows for more compact configurations to be very bright but with short runtimes... I will include tidbits about these cells in the guide where information is critical, and try to include all possible combinations of LiMn powered configurations in the chart below.}
〔11/11/08編修〕我要修訂鋰電池適用表來涵蓋近來充電式鋰電池新開發的技術–LiMn或是鋰錳一氧化物可充電式鋰電池。與鋰鈷化合物電池（lithium cobalt）比較起來，它的電量大致會少30%，但是它卻可以安全地做大電流的放電，也就是可以允許玩家做短時間超高亮度的設定。我將會在指南中納入這種電池的必要資訊，以便在下面的列表中，對LiMn電池的設定，做儘可能完備的組合設定。
The Li-Ion cells discussed in this guide operate at ~3.7V typical output, so a pair of 16340 sized lithium-ion rechargeable cells would blow a 6V lamp, but a single cell would under-power it, producing a brownish-yellow lousy output. Under-driven bulbs are also very inefficient(poor watt to lumen conversion). So, generally speaking, when we want to use rechargable lithium-ion cells in a light, we use one of the following 4 configurations.
1. a 3.7V bulb powered by 1 Lithium-Ion Cell.
2. a "9V" bulb powered by 2 Lithium-Ion Cells.
3. a "13V" bulb powered by 3 Lithium-Ion Cells.
4. a carefully selected bi-pin bulb in a proper adapter, powered by an appropriate number of properly sized cells.... (these are more advanced options, I may mention a few in the charts in time)
在指南中所討論的可充電式鋰電池，一般輸出3.7V，因此2個16340可充電式鋰電池會爆掉6V的燈泡，但是只用1顆，又不足以驅動6V的燈泡，1顆電池只能使6V的燈泡發出昏黃的光線。電壓不足的燈泡也非常的沒有效率（很差的光電功率轉換效能）。因此，一般而言，當我們要在手電筒中使用可充電式鋰電池，我們會使用以下四種設定中的其中一種。
1. 1顆3.7V的燈泡，用1顆可充電式鋰電驅動。
2. 1顆9V的燈泡，用2顆可充電式鋰電驅動。
3. 1顆13V的燈泡，用3顆可充電式鋰電驅動。
4. 用合適的腳座搭配精選的2PIN（註10）燈泡，再以適當大小及數量的可充電式鋰電來驅動（這些是更進階的組合，我可能會在組合列表中提到一些）。
註10 指有2根腳位的燈泡。
There are many options in each range... For lights like the C2 that have room for 2 CR123 (16340) sized cells, you have 2 configurations available. "1" and "2" above.
在每個電壓範圍中，會有很多的選擇。像是C2手電筒，它可以塞入2個CR123（16340）尺寸的電池，你就可以有2種設定可用。如上面4種設定中的第1個或是第2個。
As it is now, Surefire is not really in the business of making lamps with Lithium-Ion cells in mind. So when dealing with Li-Ion, the only lamps that we can use from Surefire, are the 9V options. However, some people have experimented with their 12V lamps from the M series (turbo head configurations) and found they will often work in 3 Li-Ion cell configurations. SF does not intend for the lamps to be used this way, but many of us do. When we desire more configuration options, we turn to the other manufactures mentioned previously, who ARE in the business of making lamps with Li-Ion cells in mind.
以現在的情況而言，Surefire並不打算生產適合可充電式鋰電用的燈泡。所以講到要搭配Surefire生產的燈泡，使用可充電式鋰電池，唯一剩下的，就只有9V的選項（上述4種設定中的第2項）。然而，有些人曾經以Surefire的M系列12V的渦輪頭做實驗，他們發現通常可以用3顆可充電式鋰電池來驅動Surefire的12V燈泡。SF並不希望玩家這麼做，但是我們很多人就是這樣搞。而當我們想要做出更多的組合設定的時候，我們就轉而向前面提到的幾家廠商購買手電筒或是燈泡，這些廠商才是有心生產適合可充電式鋰電池使用燈泡的廠商。
Now it is also important to understand, that there are many different Sizes of Lithium-Ion cell available, and many different brands. There are also Protected Cells, and Bare Unprotected Cells.
現在，了解有很多不同尺寸及不同廠牌的可充電式鋰電池也是很重要的。可充電式鋰電池也有「有保護電路」及「沒有保護電路」2種。
There are 3 brands of cell you will find in a flashlight at CPF more than any other cells out there...
1. AWs Protected Li-Ions, available in many sizes... they are available at Lighthound and through his sales thread in the dealer section of this forum.
2. Wolf-Eyes Protected Li-Ions, available from Pacific Tactical Solutions
3. Pila Protected Li-Ions, available from Jsburlys
Links added to sellers of bulbs/batteries later in guide
在CPF論壇中，你會發現3種主流品牌的可充電式鋰電池。
1. AW有保護電路可充電式鋰電池，有各種尺寸可供選擇，它們可以在Lighthound以及論壇中的廠商專區找得到。
2.Wolf-Eyes有保護電路可充電式鋰電池，可以從Pacific Tactical Solutions找得到。
3.Pila有保護電路可充電式鋰電池，可以從Jsburlys找得到。
[edit in 11/11/08]{In recent times, a "#4" above would read "LiMn chemistry cells in 16340 and 18650 sizes"}
〔11/11/08編修〕最近”#4”會列出16340及18650尺寸的LiMn化合物電池。
These are the most commonly used because they are the best quality cells available, and they have protection circuits that make them safer than ordinary "bare" lithium-Ion cells. These 3 brands of protected cells are the only protected cells on the market with high current thresholds set on those protection circuits, this is done specifically with the intention of being able to light up powerful incandescent bulbs. I do not recommend unprotected cells, or any cells that claim to be protected from other sources.. Going on ebay and picking up some really cheap cells is asking for trouble. Do so at your own risk, and understand that they may not work in your configuration. There has been a flood of "off-brand" Li-Ion cells becoming available to consumers in recent times, often sold at a fraction of the price of the cells listed above. Remember, when selecting your Li-Ion cells, that these cells can be potentially dangerous, buying quality cells from a reputable dealer is important to your safety. The best VALUE is not always the lowest price.
上述3種電池最常被使用，因為它們是買得到的可充電式鋰電池中品質最好的，而且它們也有保護電路使得它們較一般的沒有保護電路可充電式鋰電池更加的安全。這3種廠牌也是市場上唯一在它們的保護電路板上有高電流柵設定的有保護電路可充電式鋰電池，特別當你需要點亮強力的白熾燈泡的時候，這種設定就十分的有用。我並不推薦使用沒有保護電路或是任何宣稱以其他的方式來做保護的可充電式鋰電池。你可上ebay看看，那些非常便宜的電池通常麻煩不斷。你如果要用的話，責任自負，你也要了解，這些便宜的電池可能也沒辦法在你的燈泡-電池組合設定中發揮該有的功效。最近在市場上出現了一堆無名品牌的可充電式鋰電池，而它們的價格常常不到上述幾個大廠的一半。記得，當你在選擇可充電式鋰電池的時候，這些便宜的電池有一定程度的危險性，從有信譽的廠家購買高品質的電池是為了你自己的安全著想。最有價值的事物，往往不會存在於最低的價錢。
[edit in 11/11/08]{LiMn chemistry cells are not protected, and do not really need to be as they are inherently safe.}
〔11/11/08編修〕LiMn化合物可充電式電池並沒有保護電路，而它們也不需要，因為這類型的電池在本質上就很安全。 |
